C-4 gem-dimethylated oleanes of Gymnema sylvestre and their pharmacological activities

Molecules. 2013 Dec 4;18(12):14892-919. doi: 10.3390/molecules181214892.

Abstract

Gymnema sylvestre R. Br., one of the most important medicinal plants of the Asclepiadaceae family, is a herb distributed throughout the World, predominantly in tropical countries. The plant, widely used for the treatment of diabetes and as a diuretic in Indian proprietary medicines, possesses beneficial digestive, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and anti-helmentic effects. Furthermore, it is believed to be useful in the treatment of dyspepsia, constipation, jaundice, hemorrhoids, cardiopathy, asthma, bronchitis and leucoderma. A literature survey revealed that some other notable pharmacological activities of the plant such as anti-obesity, hypolipidemic, antimicrobial, free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties have been proven too. This paper aims to summarize the chemical and pharmacological reports on a large group of C-4 gem-dimethylated pentacyclic triterpenoids from Gymnema sylvestre.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Infective Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Antiparasitic Agents / chemistry
  • Antiparasitic Agents / pharmacology
  • Gymnema sylvestre / chemistry*
  • Gymnema sylvestre / classification
  • Hemolysis / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / chemistry
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology
  • Hypolipidemic Agents / chemistry
  • Hypolipidemic Agents / pharmacology
  • Molecular Structure
  • Oleanolic Acid / chemistry*
  • Oleanolic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Oleanolic Acid / toxicity
  • Plants, Medicinal / chemistry
  • Taste / drug effects

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Antioxidants
  • Antiparasitic Agents
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Hypolipidemic Agents
  • Oleanolic Acid